math

The math module provides constants and floating-point functions. It is useful when the basic arithmetic operators are not enough.

import "math"

var radius = 3
var area = math.pi * math.pow(radius, 2)
print(area)
print(math.sqrt(81))

Common functions include abs(), ceil(), floor(), round(), trunc(), pow(), sqrt(), log(), exp(), sin(), cos(), tan(), min(), and max(). Constants include pi, e, inf, and nan.

The full trigonometric family is available: the inverses asin(), acos(), atan(), and two-argument atan2(y, x); the hyperbolic functions sinh(), cosh(), tanh() and their inverses asinh(), acosh(), atanh(). Logarithms come in three bases — natural log(), log2(), and log10() — alongside exp() and cbrt().

print(math.floor(3.8))
print(math.hypot(3, 4))
print(math.is_nan(math.nan))

The module accepts integers and floats where a numeric input is expected. Functions that fundamentally produce fractional results return Float.

Rounding and bounds

abs(), ceil(), floor(), round(), and trunc() are useful when converting a calculated value into a display or storage value. min() and max() choose among numeric arguments and are often used to clamp a value.

var requested = 1.8
var whole = math.ceil(requested)
var bounded = math.min(math.max(whole, 1), 4)
print(bounded)

Geometry and special values

pow(), sqrt(), cbrt(), and hypot() cover common geometric calculations. The trigonometric functions use radians. is_nan() and is_inf() help detect special floating-point values before they affect later calculations.

var distance = math.hypot(3, 4)
print(distance) # 5
print(math.sin(math.pi / 2))
print(math.is_inf(math.inf))

Some domain operations can produce nan instead of a conventional value. Check with is_nan() before serializing or displaying the result when inputs may be outside the mathematical domain.